| CDC | Center for Disease Control and Prevention |
| MTHFR | Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase |
| 5-MTHF | 5-methyltetrahydrofolate |
| NTD | Neural tube defect |
| RCT | Randomized clinical trial |
| SUS | Sistema Único de Saúde (Unified Health System) |
| UMFA | Unmetabolized folic acid |
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