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. 2025 May 20;14(1):e1–e133. doi: 10.1016/j.kisu.2024.12.001

Table 2.

Overall LOS stratified by CKD, DM, and HF

Patient group 2017
2018
HQMS population Total LOS (d) PPPY (d) Population (%) LOS (%) HQMS population Total LOS (d) PPPY (d) Population (%) LOS (%)
All 19,341,078 252,918 13.08 100.00 100.00 16,805,809 214,739 12.78 100.00 100.00
With HF, CKD, or DM 3,379,917 57,140 16.91 17.48 22.59 2,937,567 48,027 16.35 17.48 22.37
CKD alone 568,558 9604 16.89 2.94 3.80 441,754 7200 16.30 2.63 3.35
DM alone 1,449,052 22,423 15.47 7.49 8.87 1,297,749 19,343 14.90 7.72 9.01
HF alone 774,607 12,523 16.17 4.00 4.95 692,343 11,079 16.00 4.12 5.16
CKD and DM alone 222,605 4133 18.57 1.15 1.63 188,783 3363 17.81 1.12 1.57
CKD and HF alone 100,439 2703 26.91 0.52 1.07 84,838 2165 25.52 0.50 1.01
DM and HF alone 199,249 3797 19.06 1.03 1.50 175,850 3264 18.56 1.05 1.52
CKD, HF, and DM 65,407 1957 29.92 0.34 0.77 56,250 1614 28.69 0.33 0.75
No CKD, HF, or DM 15,961,161 195,778 12.27 82.52 77.41 13,868,242 166,713 12.02 82.52 77.63
All CKD 957,009 18,397 19.22 4.95 7.27 771,625 14,341 18.59 4.59 6.68
All DM 1,936,313 32,309 16.69 10.01 12.77 1,718,632 27,583 16.05 10.23 12.84
All HF 1,139,702 20,980 18.41 5.89 8.30 1,009,281 18,121 17.95 6.01 8.44
CKD and DM 288,012 6090 21.14 1.49 2.41 245,033 4976 20.31 1.46 2.32
CKD and HF 165,846 4660 28.10 0.86 1.84 141,088 3778 26.78 0.84 1.76
DM and HF 264,656 5754 21.74 1.37 2.28 232,100 4878 21.02 1.38 2.27

CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; HF, heart failure; HQMS, Hospital Quality Monitoring System; LOS, length of stay; PPPY, per person per year.