Table 2.

Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the sibling controls vs SCA samples at enrollment (month 0)

	Controls (N = 110)	SCA Month 0 (N = 264)	P value
Age (y)	7.6 ± 3.0	5.6 ± 1.2	<.001
Sex (female)	63 (57.3%)	137 (51.9%)	.34
Malnutrition∗ (%)	n = 79 3 (3.8%)	n = 262 24 (9.2%)	.16
Hb (g/dL)	n = 105 12.5 ± 1.1	7.8 ± 1.2	<.001
Socioeconomic scale†	7.1 ± 2.6	6.6 ± 2.3	.12
Caregiver education‡
Lower	41 (37.3%)	102 (38.6%)	.81
Higher	69 (62.7%)	162 (61.4%)

Bold values indicate significance at P < .05.

^∗Defined as weight-for-age z-score <−2, by sex, per WHO global standards.¹³

^†Socioeconomic status, per a locally validated scale from 6 to 18.²⁴

^‡Defined as lower (none or primary) or higher (secondary, tertiary, or higher).