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. 2025 Sep 1;8:1616007. doi: 10.3389/frai.2025.1616007

Table 2.

Quantitative comparison (average PSNR) with different color image denoising methods on a benchmark dataset.

Method CBSD68 (Martin et al., 2001) Kodak24 (Franzen, 1999) McMaster (Zhang et al., 2011) Urban100 (Huang et al., 2015)
σ = 15 σ = 25 σ = 50 σ = 15 σ = 25 σ = 50 σ = 15 σ = 25 σ = 50 σ = 15 σ = 25 σ = 50
FFDNet 33.87 31.21 27.96 34.63 32.13 28.98 34.66 32.35 29.18 33.87 31.21 27.96
DnCNN 33.90 31.24 27.95 34.60 32.16 29.05 33.45 31.52 28.62 33.90 31.24 27.95
DSNet 33.91 31.28 28.05 34.63 32.16 29.05 34.67 32.40 29.28 33.91 31.28 28.05
RPCNN - 31.28 28.05 34.63 32.13 28.98 34.66 32.35 29.18 - 31.28 28.05
BRDNet 34.10 31.43 28.16 34.88 32.41 29.22 35.08 32.75 29.52 34.10 31.43 28.16
TORNet (Ours) 34.29 31.60 28.42 35.16 32.6/5 29.58 35.39 33.03 29.98 34.93 32.25 28.80

Bold values indicate the best performance for each column.