Fig. 7.

(a) Fluorescence images of HeLa cells were captured following 20 minutes of treatment with FCCP (10 μM), NAC (1 mM), or H₂O₂ (500 μM) while incubated with 10 μM of probe A in standard culture medium. The green channel (channel I) was employed to detect visible fluorescence from probe A in the emission range of 425–525 nm, while the red channel (channel II) was used to capture near-infrared fluorescence between 600–675 nm. Green fluorescence was visualized using Alexa Fluor 405 (excitation at 405 nm), and red fluorescence was monitored using Alexa Fluor 568 (excitation at 559 nm). All images are presented with a scale bar of 50 μm. (b) The histograms illustrate the emission intensities of channel I (green) and channel II (red) (top), and the fluorescence intensity ratio of channel II to channel I for probe A in HeLa cells (bottom) treated with the different chemicals, as quantified from the corresponding fluorescence images with SD bars based on n = 3.