Table 2.
Comparative analyses between patients prior to and following ASP implementation regarding antibiotic consumption, adherence to MRSA indication, adherence to timeout policy (gram stain results), DDD per 100 Patient-Days for each antibiotic use, overall cost in EGP and MRSA sensitivity to linezolid
| Patients’ outcomes | Prior to ASP | Following ASP | Effect size (95%CI:) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| • Total antibiotic consumption in grams: | |||||
| Linezolid | Mean (SD) | 8.4 (6.4) | 7.8 (6.1) | 0.10 (−0.45, 0.64) a | 0.721 |
| Min – Max | 1.2–25.2 | 1.2–22.8 | |||
| Vancomycin | Mean (SD) | 8.4 (5.8) | 9.4 (5.8) | 0.17 (−0.92, 0.59) a | 0.675 |
| Min – Max | 2–18 | 2–24 | |||
| Teicoplanin | Mean (SD) | 2.4 (0.0) | 2.4 (2.0) | 0.02 (−1.99, 2.04) a | -- |
| Min – Max | 2.4–2.4 | 0.8–8.0 | |||
| • Adherence (%): | |||||
| Adherence to MRSA indication, n (%) | Adhere | 28 (25.7) | 59 (100.0) | 0.70 (0.65, 1.07) b | < 0.001*** |
| Not adhere | 81 (74.3) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Adherence to timeout policy (gram stain results), n (%) | Adhere | 44 (40.4) | 58 (98.3) | 0.55 (0.44, 0.80) b | < 0.001*** |
| Not adhere | 65 (59.6) | 1 (1.7) | |||
| • DDD per 100 Patient-Days for each antibiotic use: | Amount of change | ||||
| Linezolid | Overall | 27.365 | 3.891 | − 85.8% | -- |
| Vancomycin | Overall | 1.491 | 5.044 | + 2.4 folds | -- |
| Teicoplanin | Overall | 0.235 | 3.970 | + 15.9 folds | -- |
| • Cost: | |||||
| overall cost of anti-MRSA therapy (EGP) | Overall | 80097.17 | 45605.27 | −43% | -- |
| • MRSA sensitivity: | |||||
| MRSA sensitivity to Linezolid | Overall | 60% | 78.3% | + 18.30% | -- |
***p value < 0.001, CI Confidence Interval, aCohen’s D effect size, and bMean square contingency coefficient (φ)