Chronic conditions were defined as the 10 major chronic condition groups reported on by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (arthritis, asthma, back pain, cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, mental health conditions and osteoporosis) [59], as well as liver disease, chronic otitis media and rheumatic heart disease, which are conditions that disproportionately affect Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Risk factors for chronic conditions are defined by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare as specific risks with strong evidence of direct association with chronic diseases. These include behavioural risk factors (tobacco smoking, insufficient physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption and dietary risks) and body states (obesity, high blood pressure and abnormal blood lipids). We acknowledge that this list does not include risk factors for which evidence is suggestive or which are indirect to chronic disease [60]. Social determinants of health are the non‐medical factors that result in avoidable health inequities [61]. Social determinants of health include income, employment status, education, housing and basic amenities, food security, early childhood development and access to health care. Cultural determinants of health relate to how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures interact directly and indirectly with health and well‐being and were categorised as per the domains identified by Mayi Kuwayu, the National Study of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing study [50]. The domains included Connection to country, Indigenous beliefs and knowledge, Indigenous language, Family, kinship and community, Cultural expression and continuity and Self‐determination and leadership.