TABLE 2.
Clinical researches of formulas. (XYS: Xiaoyaosan; CSS: Chaihu-Shugan-San; SNS: Si-Ni-San).
| Formula | Treatment group | Control group | Samplesize treatment/control | Treatment time | Results | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| XYS | Jiawei Xiaoyao pill (6 g/d, 2 times/d) | Placebo (6 g/d, 2 times/d) | 70/71 | 4 weeks | After treatment: HAMD ↓, HAMA ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: HAMD ↓, HAMA ↓ (the difference was not significant) |
Chen et al. (2020c) |
| Xiaoyaosan | — | 21 | 6 weeks (21 patients) and 8 weeks (8 patients) | After treatment: HAMD ↓ | Tian et al. (2014) | |
| Jiawei Xiaoyao capsule (10 g* 2/d) + sertraline placebo | sertraline (50 mg/d) + Jiawei Xiaoyao placebo | 95/105 | 8 weeks | After treatment: HAMD ↓, HAMA ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: HAMD ↓, HAMA ↓, Clinical Global Impression efficacy index (CGI-EI) ↑ |
Su et al. (2019) | |
| Xiaoyaosan (1 dose/d) | — | 17 | 8 weeks | After treatment: HAMD ↓ | Liu et al. (2020b) | |
| Xiaoyao pill (3 g* 2/d) | Placebo pill (3 g* 2/d) | 90/90 | 8 weeks | After treatment: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: HRSD ↓ |
Du et al. (2014) | |
| Jiawei Xiaoyao granule (10 g*2/d) + Sertraline (50 mg/d) | Sertraline (50 mg/d) | 78/62 | 4 weeks | After treatment: HAMD ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: HAMD ↓ |
Wu et al. (2019) | |
| Jiawei Xiaoyaosan (1 dose/d) + Metformin sustained release tablets (0.5 g*2/d) + Deanxit (1 tablet*2/d) | Metformin sustained release tablets (0.5 g*2/d) + Deanxit (1 tablet*2/d) | 35/36 | 8 weeks | After treatment: HAMD ↓, HAMA ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: HAMD ↓, HAMA ↓ |
Li and Kang (2019) | |
| Xiaoyao pill (6 g*3/d) + Venlafaxine (75 mg/d, gradually adjust to 150–225 mg/d) | Venlafaxine (75 mg/d, gradually adjust to 150–225 mg/d) | 39/37 | 6 weeks | After treatment: HAMD ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: HAMD ↓ |
Ma and Li (2019) | |
| Xiaoyao pill (8 pills*3/d) + Donepezil (5 mg/d) | Donepezil (5 mg/d) | 45/45 | 8 weeks | After treatment: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) ↑, activities of daily life ability (ADL) ↑, HAMD ↓, dopamine (DA) ↑, BDNF ↑, Hcy ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: MMSE ↑, ADL ↑, HAMD ↓, DA ↑, BDNF ↑, Hcy ↓ |
Shen et al. (2018) | |
| Xiaoyao pill (8 pills*3/d) + Olaxitam injection + Donepezil | Escitalopram Oxalate (10 mg/d) + Olaxitam injection + Donepezil | 50/50 | 8 weeks | After treatment: CSDD ↓, MMES ↑, ADL ↓, BNDF ↑, NE ↑, DA ↑, 5-HT ↑, S100B ↓, Hcy ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: 5-HT ↑, adverse reaction ↓ |
Shen et al. (2019) | |
| Xiaoyaosan (150 mL*2/d) + paroxetine (20 mg/d) | Paroxetine (20 mg/d) | 32/30 | 6 weeks | After treatment: VmACA, VmMCA, VmPCA (the mean blood velocity of the anterior cerebral artery, the middle cerebral Artery, and the posterior cerebral artery) ↓; Visual analogue scale (VAS) ↓, HeadacheImpact Test-6 (HIT-6) ↓, HAMD-24 ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: VmACA, VmMCA, VmPCA ↓; VAS ↓, HIT-6 ↓, HAMD-24 ↓ |
Zhang et al. (2023) | |
| CSS | citalopram hydrobromide (20 mg/d) + Modified Chaihu Shugan Granule (1 dose/d) | citalopram hydrobromide (20 mg/d) | 50/50 | 8 weeks | After treatment: HAMD ↓; Barthel Index (BI), BDNF ↑ Treatment group compared to control group: HAMD ↓; BI ↑, BDNF ↑ |
Hu and Sheng (2016) |
| Chaihu Shugan Tang (1 dose/d) | Fluoxetine (20 mg/d) | 43/43 | 6 weeks | After treatment: HAMD ↓; DA, 5-HT, NE, Gly ↑; Asp, Glu ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: DA, 5-HT, NE, Gly ↑; Asp, Glu ↓ |
Shi et al. (2018) | |
| Lamotrigine + Chaihu Shugan Decoction (1 dose/d) | Lamotrigine (1 dose/d) | 24/24 | 12 weeks | After treatment: HAMD ↓; NA、5-HT ↑ Treatment group compared to control group: HAMD ↓; NA、5-HT ↑ |
Zhang and Gou (2018) | |
| Sertraline (25 mg/d, gradually increased to 50–100 mg/d over 2 weeks) + Chaihu Shugan Powder (1 dose/d) |
Sertraline (25 mg/d, gradually increased to 50–100 mg/d over 2 weeks) | 42/42 | 8 weeks | After treatment: S100β ↓, BDNF ↑; CRP, IL-6, TNF-α ↓; HAMD, NIHSS, ADL ↓, MMSE ↑ Treatment group compared to control group: S100β ↓, BDNF ↑; CRP, IL-6, TNF-α ↓; HAMD, NIHSS, ADL ↓, MMSE ↑ |
Jiang et al. (2017b) | |
| Chaihu Shugan powder (1 dose/d) | Chinese medicine simulated granules (1 dose/d) | 63/32 | 7 weeks | After treatment: SAS、SDS ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: SAS、SDS ↓ |
Lyu et al. (2022) | |
| SNS | Sini powder (2 times/d; 30 min after breakfast and 30 min before bed) | paroxetine (started at 10 mg/d, increased by 10 mg every 4 days to 40 mg for maintenance) | 18/17 | 4 weeks | After treatment: HAMD‐24 ↓, dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) ↓, phase angle difference (PAD) ↑(SNP group), sleep latency (SL) ↓, sleep efficiency (SE) ↑, total sleep time (TST) ↑(SNP group) Treatment group compared to control group: DLMO ↓, rapid eye movement (REM)↓, non‐REM (NREM) ↑ |
He et al. (2022) |
| Sini powder (1 dose/d) | Duloxetine (20 mg/d) | 42/42 | 15 weeks | After treatment: HAMD ↓, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) ↓; IL-1 β ↓, IL-6 ↓, TGF- β 1 ↑ Treatment group compared to control group: HAMD ↓, PSQI ↓; IL-1 β ↓, IL-6 ↓, TGF- β 1 ↑ |
Guan and Qu (2023) | |
| Aspirin (100 mg/d), Citicoline Sodium Capsules (200 mg/time, 3 times/d), rosuvastatin (10 mg/d), duloxetine (30 mg/time, 2 times/d) + Modified Sini powder (1 dose/d) | Aspirin (100 mg/d), Citicoline Sodium Capsules (200 mg/time, 3 times/d), rosuvastatin (10 mg/d), duloxetine (30 mg/time, 2 times/d) | 47/47 | 4 weeks | After treatment: Neurological function score (NIHSS) ↓, HAMD ↓; IL-1β ↓, homocysteine (Hcy) ↓, IL-18 ↓; BDNF ↑, basic myelin protein (MBP) ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: NIHSS ↓, HAMD ↓; IL-1β ↓, Hcy ↓, IL-18 ↓; BDNF ↑, MBP ↓ |
Rao et al. (2021) | |
| Modified Sini powder (1 dose/d) | Domperidone (12.72 mg/time, 3 times/d), deanxit (1 tablet/time, 2 times/d) | 48/48 | 30 days | After treatment: Motilin(MOT) ↑,gastrin(GAS) ↑, gastric emptying ↑; HAMD ↓ Treatment group compared to control group: MOT ↑,GAS ↑, gastric emptying ↑; HAMD ↓ |
Xi et al. (2014) |