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. 2025 Sep 3;15:1600980. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1600980

Table 1.

Summary of clinical and surgical outcomes grouped by tumor location (n = 56).

Tumor location n Mean age (years) Mean tumor size (cm³) MVD detection rate (%) GTR rate (%) Vascular protection rate (%)
Sella region 24 48.3 2.6 ± 0.4 91.7 95.8 100
Cavernous sinus 6 51.7 3.1 ± 0.5 100 83.3 100
Sphenoid crest 5 64.2 2.9 ± 0.3 80 80 100
Parasellar region 3 60.7 2.7 ± 0.5 100 100 100
CPA 1 73 3.5 100 100 100
Neck/Skull base 8 49.5 3.0 ± 0.6 75 87.5 100
Other 9 45.1 2.8 ± 0.3 66.7 88.9 100
Total 56 51.6 2.9 ± 0.4 87.63 91.07 100

MVD, microvascular Doppler; GTR, gross total resection.