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. 2025 Sep 2;88:103444. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103444

Table 1.

Summary of article characteristics.

Variable and category N (%)
Region
 Africa 4 (20%)
 Asia 5 (25%)
 Central and South America 10 (50%)
 Middle East 1 (5%)
Country
 Brazil 4 (20%)
 Colombia 3 (15%)
 Cuba 1 (5%)
 Ethiopia 1 (5%)
 Guatemala 1 (5%)
 India 2 (10%)
 Indonesia 1 (5%)
 Iran 1 (5%)
 Kenya 1 (5%)
 Malawi 1 (5%)
 Mexico 1 (5%)
 Nigeria 1 (5%)
 Pakistan 1 (5%)
 Thailand 1 (5%)
Country income status
 Low income 2 (10%)
 Lower-middle income 6 (30%)
 Upper-middle income 12 (60%)
Child impairment type
 Multiple 15 (75%)
 Visual 3 (15%)
 Physical 1 (5%)
 Not specified 1 (5%)
Outcome measured
 Play and social skills 9 (45%)
 Parental wellbeing 2 (10%)
 Feasibility and acceptability of play interventions 3 (15%)
 Child development 4 (20%)
 Disability inclusive play 1 (5%)
Study designa
 RCT 3 (15%)
 Controlled before-after 3 (15%)
 One group before-after, no control 6 (30%)
 Longitudinal mixed 2 (10%)
 Programme evaluation 3 (15%)
 Qualitative—IDI, FGD and/or observation 8 (40%)
Sample size
 <10 10 (50%)
 11–20 3 (15%)
 21–50 5 (25%)
 51–100 2 (10%)

RCT, randomized control trial; IDI, in-depth interview; FGD, focus group discussion.

a

Some studies had multiple study designs.