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. 2025 Jun 24;31(9):3011–3019. doi: 10.1038/s41591-025-03785-6

Extended Data Table 3.

Reader experience

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Readers were stratified into senior vs. junior radiologists endorsed by the National Health Commission’s Physician Title Evaluation Standards (2021 Edition) and the Chinese Medical Association Radiology Branch certification guidelines. Senior status required either: (1) attainment of associate chief physician or higher academic rank; or (2) accumulated ≥8 years of independent diagnostic reporting experience, as verified through institutional credentialing databases.