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. 2025 Sep 18;25:1414. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06837-y

Table 3.

The mean, standard deviation (SD) values and results of repeated measures ANOVA test for comparison between internal fit (µm) with different section locations

Connection Material Internal fit (µm) (Mean ± SD) p-value Effect size
Top Middle Bottom Eta squared (95% CI)

Star shaped

(S)

Zr 48.50 ± 2.00Aa 48.50 ± 2.00Aa 27.50 ± 2.00Ba < 0.001* 0.950 (0.913:0.962)
Ti 36.00 ± 2.65Ab 37.00 ± 0.00Ab 27.00 ± 0.00Ba < 0.001* 0.938 (0.894:0.954)
Co-Cr 31.00 ± 1.00Ac 31.00 ± 1.00Ac 28.50 ± 1.00Ba 0.022* 0.796 (0.660:0.847)
Co-Cr-Mo 34.00 ± 2.00Abc 24.50 ± 0.00Cd 28.00 ± 2.00Ba < 0.001* 0.950 (0.913:0.962)
p-value < 0.001* < 0.001* 0.702
Effect size Eta squared (95% CI)

0.855

(0.753:0.887)

0.912

(0.848:0.931)

0.040

(0.000:0.111)

Hybrid

(H)

Zr 52.83 ± 2.02Aa 54.17 ± 3.51Aa 34.67 ± 1.15Ba < 0.001* 0.211 (0.018:0.369)
Ti 53.33 ± 1.04Aa 50.11 ± 0.96Bb 30.89 ± 0.77Cb < 0.001* 0.930 (0.879:0.947)
Co-Cr 51.67 ± 1.04Aa 47.33 ± 2.75Bb 32.33 ± 1.44Cab < 0.001* 0.748 (0.586:0.811)
Co-Cr-Mo 54.11 ± 0.10Aa 50.83 ± 0.76Bab 31.33 ± 1.26Cab < 0.001* 0.951 (0.916:0.963)
p-value 0.326 < 0.001* 0.034*
Effect size Eta squared (95% CI)

0.095

(0.000:0.206)

0.440

(0.185:0.557)

0.220

(0.010:0.355)

Values with different Capital superscripts within the same horizontal row are significantly different, while Values with different Small superscripts within the same vertical culum are significantly different, * significant (p<0.05)