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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Sep 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Autism Dev Disord. 2024 Apr 16;55(5):1846–1856. doi: 10.1007/s10803-024-06339-w

Table 1.

Sample characteristics

Variable M (SD)
N (%)
Child age 4.22 (1.08)
Child age at diagnosis 2.31 (.77)
Child sex (female)  137 (24%)
Child ethnicity (Hispanic)  111 (20%)
Child race
 White  505 (88%)
 Black   69 (12%)
 Asian   27 (5%)
 Native American   14 (2%)
 Native Hawaiian    5 (1%)
 Other   18 (3%)
Child verbal ability
 Meaningful, fluent speech   78 (14%)
 Meaningful, phrase speech  176 (31%)
 Meaningful, single words  119 (21%)
 Non-meaningful words and phrases   76 (13%)
 Non-speaking  123 (22%)
Parent gender
  Male   36 (6%)
  Female  535 (94%)
  Other    1 (< 1%)
Parent education
  Less than 8th grade    2 (< 1%)
  Some high school   14 (2%)
  Finished high school or equivalent   61 (11%)
  Some college, AA degree, technical school  221 (39%)
  Bachelor’s degree (BA/BS)  161 (28%)
  Post graduate degree  112 (20%)
Single parent households   83 (15%)