Table 2.

Anti-inflammatory effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist

Study title	Intervention	CRP reduction (%)	P value	References
STEP-HFpEF program	Semaglutide, 2.4 mg weekly	36	<0.001	Verma et al. [26,27]
STEP-HFpEF DM trial	Semaglutide, 2.4 mg weekly	42	<0.001	Kosiborod et al. [30]
SUMMIT trial	Tirzepatide, up to 15 mg	37.2	<0.001	Borlaug et al. [13]
SUMMIT CMR substudy	Tirzepatide, up to 15 mg	34.9	<0.001	Packer et al. [35]

CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance; CRP, C-reactive protein; DM, diabetes mellitus; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; STEP-HFpEF, semaglutide treatment effect in people with obesity and HFpEF; SUMMIT, Study of Tirzepatide Effects on Patients with HFpEF.