Table 9.
Presentation of variables
| Variables | Definitions | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| Hand washing | Indicator captured from data provided on individuals who complied with government guidelines in both public and private places. Thus, it is measured as 1 if the individual complied with the guidelines and 0 if not. As in previous studies, this variable is converted into a percentage. | OXCGRT (2021) |
| The stringency index | This indicator measures the level of rigor with which a government applies the measures it has enacted. It is measured on a scale of 0 to 1. A 1 indicates that the government strictly applies the measure and a 0 indicates that it does not. It is captured as a percentage to determine the difference in its application within a government. | OXCGRT (2021) |
| School closures | It measures compliance with the decision to close schools and universities. Thus, this variable is equal to 1 if it imposes social distancing, capacity limitations, or other important public health precautions that result in significant differences from usual, non-COVID-19, and 0 otherwise. | OXCGRT (2021) |
| The closure of workplaces | Variable that indicates the application of the government decision. | OXCGRT (2021) |
| Cancellation of public events | These are restrictions on gatherings, controls on public transport, restrictions on internal movement and controls on international travel. Indicator ranging from 0 to 100 | OXCGRT (2021) |
| The confinement | The confinement variable is taken according to whether the policy is implemented by a government. It is taken partially or totally. | OXCGRT (2021) |
| The relief Corruption |
The debt relief variable accounts for the debt of private individuals whose investments were halted during the Covid-19 outbreak. Corruption is the perversion or misuse of a process or interaction with one or more persons with the intention, for the corruptor, of obtaining particular advantages or prerogatives or, for the corrupted, of obtaining retribution in exchange for their compliance. |
OXCGRT (2021) Afrobarometer (2022) |
| Economic Growth Sensitivity and Recovery Index | The job sensitivity index and the job recovery index are calculated indices. | Authors |
Source: Authors