Figure 1. The Central Dogma Cycle.

A. Central Dogma pathway for genetic information flow in cells. DNA is replicated or transcribed into RNA, which is next translated into proteins. B. The proposed CDC for information flow in cells; 3 new steps are added to the Central Dogma completing the cycle. An epigenetic step is included between DNA and RNA transcription. After translation, protein fold producing molecular function(s). Proteins form complexes with other proteins, other macromolecules, and small molecules to create cell processes. Each emergent cell processes (purple arrows) forms a separate cycle that produce emergent cell processes (purple arrows). The figure was created with PowerPoint.