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. 2025 Sep 19;29(10):466. doi: 10.1007/s00784-025-06543-7

Table 3.

Patient-related data from retrospective studies. Male (M), female (F), IV (intravenous), primary root Canal treatment (RCT), secondary root Canal treatment (SRCT)

Author/s Study design Number and sex of patients Age Systemic disease Systemic treatment Duration of treatment Endodontic procedure Outcome
Hsiao et al., 2009 [17] Retrospective

28,

sex not reported

66,4 (avg) Osteoporosis Oral bisphosphonate (alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate) 60 months (avg)

26 RCTs,

8 SRCTs

Healthy
Dereci et al., 2016 [19] Retrospective 24 (14 F, 10 M)

60,2

(avg)

Metastatic bone disease IV zoledronate

8 patients for < 1 yr

16 patients for > 1 yr

34 RCTs,

3 SRCTs

Healthy