Table 3.
Model 1, a linear mixed model assessing the relationship between mean-corrected average heart rate (AHR) and perceived stress as measured using a daily diarya.
| Parameter | Perceived stress estimate (β; 95% CI) | t test (df)b | P valuec |
| Intercept | 3.21 (2.60 to 3.81) | 10.7 (45.6) | <.001 c |
| Female sex (reference=male) | 0.129 (−0.482 to 0.740) | 0.427 (40.0) | .67 |
| PGYd 1 (reference=PGY 3) | 0.390 (−0.340 to 1.12) | 1.08 (40.7) | .29 |
| PGY 2 (reference=PGY 3) | −0.279 (−1.01 to 0.454) | −0.770 (39.1) | .45 |
| Hours workede | 0.415 (0.233 to 0.598) | 4.79 (17.4) | <.001 |
| AHRe | 0.016 (−0.011 to 0.043) | 1.15 (424) | .25 |
| Negative atypical event (reference=standard day) | 1.36 (0.918 to 1.80) | 6.27 (30.3) | <.001 |
aVariables assessed include person mean–centered AHR, presence of atypical events, daily hours worked, resident sex, and postgraduate year. No significant association was found between AHR and daily perceived stress. Longer work hours and presence of a negative atypical event were associated with higher perceived stress, whereas sex and postgraduate year were not.
bWald t statistic from SPSS MIXED procedure (Satterthwaite df).
cItalicized values indicate statistical significance (P<.05, 2-tailed).
dPGY: postgraduate year.
eValues are mean centered.