Skip to main content
. 2025 Aug 31;15(5):139. doi: 10.3390/jox15050139
ARE Antioxidant response elements
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
ATPase Adenosine triphosphatase
Bcl-2 Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2
BMSCs Bone marrow-derived stem cells
CAT Catalase
DMPC Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine
DOPC 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
DRP1 Dynamin-related protein 1
FADH2 Flavin adenine dinucleotide in its reduced form
FDA Food and Drug Administration
GPx Glutathione peroxidase
GR Glutathione reductase
GSH Glutathione
GTP Guanosine triphosphate
H2O2 Hydrogen peroxide
hPDLSCs Human periodontal ligament stem cells
HL-1 Mouse atrial cardiomyocyte cell line
HPLC High-performance liquid chromatography
i.p. Intraperitoneal (injection)
Keap1 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
MAMs Mitochondrial-associated membranes
MFN2 Mitofusin 2
MDA Malondialdehyde
MOMP Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization
mPTP Mitochondrial permeability transition pore
MSC Mesenchymal stem cells
MSCs Mouse lung mesenchymal stem cells
NAC N-acetylcysteine
NADH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in its reduced form
NO Nitric oxide
NRF1 Nuclear respiratory factor 1
Nrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2
O2 Oxygen
O2 Superoxide radical
OH Hydroxyl groups
OPA1 Dynamin-like 120 kDa mitochondrial protein OPA1
PLGA Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
ROS Reactive oxygen species
rRNA Ribosomal RNA
SOD Superoxide dismutase
SULT Sulfotransferase isoenzymes
TBARS Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
TCA Tricarboxylic acid
TFAM Transcription factor A, mitochondrial.
TMCL Tetramyristoylcardiolipin
tRNA Transfer RNA
UGTs 5’-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases