TABLE 3.
Outcomes
| Total (N = 120) | SCS (N = 44) | NMP (N = 67) | P | NRP SCS (N = 5) | NRP NMP (N = 4) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | N | Median (IQR) or n (%) | N | Median (IQR) or n (%) | N | Median (IQR) or n (%) | N | Median (IQR) or n (%) | N | Median (IQR) or n (%) | |
| Peak ALT within 7 d, U/L | 120 | 898 (355–1568) | 44 | 1321 (766–2439) | 67 | 585 (246–1040) | <0.0001 | 5 | 1195 (321–2400) | 4 | 836 (538–1969) |
| Peak AST within 7 d, U/L | 120 | 2100 (1047–3840) | 44 | 3359 (1847–5245) | 67 | 1579 (659–2839) | <0.0001 | 5 | 1468 (1328–4473) | 4 | 2133 (1539–4321) |
| Bilirubin on POD 7, mg/dL | 118 | 1.4 (0.9–3.2) | 44 | 1.3 (0.9–2.2) | 65 | 1.8 (1.0–3.8) | 0.2540 | 5 | 1.1 (0.9–1.6) | 4 | 2.5 (1.0–5.7) |
| INR on POD 7 | 115 | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 44 | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) | 62 | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 0.0056 | 5 | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | 4 | 1.0 (1.0–1.2) |
| PNF | |||||||||||
| No | 120 | 119 (99%) | 44 | 44 (100%) | 67 | 66 (99%) | 1.0000 | 5 | 5 (100%) | 4 | 4 (100%) |
| Yes | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| EAD | |||||||||||
| No | 115 | 52 (45%) | 44 | 11 (25%) | 62 | 36 (58%) | 0.0008 | 5 | 3 (60%) | 4 | 2 (50%) |
| Yes | 63 (55%) | 33 (75%) | 26 (42%) | 2 (40%) | 2 (50%) | ||||||
| Length of ICU stay (initial ICU stay), d | 120 | 2 (1–3) | 44 | 2 (1–3) | 67 | 2 (1–3) | 0.9648 | 5 | 1 (1–2) | 4 | 3 (2–7) |
| Total length of hospital stay, d | 120 | 8 (7–11) | 44 | 8 (7–11) | 67 | 8 (7–10) | 0.3258 | 5 | 8 (7–12) | 4 | 7 (5–14) |
| Renal function | |||||||||||
| Peak creatinine within 14 d, mg/dL | 120 | 1.60 (0.92–2.54) | 44 | 1.71 (1.36–2.60) | 67 | 1.57 (0.84–2.50) | 0.1055 | 5 | 2.84 (1.54–5.52) | 4 | 1.68 (0.84–2.46) |
| AKI | |||||||||||
| None | 120 | 96 (80%) | 44 | 33 (75%) | 67 | 55 (82%) | 0.4530 | 5 | 4 (80%) | 4 | 4 (100%) |
| Stage 1 | 15 (13%) | 6 (14%) | 9 (13%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Stage 2 | 8 (7%) | 4 (9%) | 3 (4%) | 1 (20%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Stage 3 | 1 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| New need for HD/CRRT within 14 d | |||||||||||
| No | 120 | 113 (94%) | 44 | 39 (89%) | 67 | 66 (99%) | 0.0353 | 5 | 4 (80%) | 4 | 4 (100%) |
| Yes | 7 (6%) | 5 (11%) | 1 (1%) | 1 (20%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| 3-mo outcomes | |||||||||||
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 112 | 66 (47–90) | 43 | 62 (28–79) | 61 | 73 (51–90) | 0.0205 | 5 | 57 (44–70) | 3 | 90 (66–90) |
| New need for HD (3 mo) | |||||||||||
| No | 113 | 102 (90%) | 43 | 36 (84%) | 62 | 59 (95%) | 0.0870 | 5 | 4 (80%) | 3 | 3 (100%) |
| Yes | 11 (10%) | 7 (16%) | 3 (5%) | 1 (20%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Bacterial infections- treated | |||||||||||
| No | 112 | 106 (95%) | 43 | 41 (95%) | 61 | 57 (93%) | 1.0000 | 5 | 5 (100%) | 3 | 3 (100%) |
| Yes | 6 (5%) | 2 (5%) | 4 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Fungal infections | |||||||||||
| No | 112 | 111 (99%) | 43 | 42 (98%) | 61 | 61 (100%) | 0.4135 | 5 | 5 (100%) | 3 | 3 (100%) |
| Yes | 1 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| 6-mo outcomes | |||||||||||
| ACR (clinically treated) | |||||||||||
| No | 87 | 65 (75%) | 37 | 28 (76%) | 43 | 30 (70%) | 0.6212 | 4 | 4 (100%) | 3 | 3 (100%) |
| Yes | 22 (25%) | 9 (24%) | 13 (30%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Biopsy-treated ACR rejection | |||||||||||
| No | 87 | 74 (85%) | 37 | 32 (86%) | 43 | 35 (81%) | 0.7623 | 4 | 4 (100%) | 3 | 3 (100%) |
| Yes | 13 (15%) | 5 (14%) | 8 (19%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Biopsy RAI | 13 | 4 (4–5) | 5 | 4 (4–5) | 8 | 5 (4–6) | 0.7041 | 0 | NA | 0 | NA |
| Multiple episodes | |||||||||||
| No | 87 | 82 (94%) | 37 | 36 (97%) | 43 | 39 (91%) | 0.3662 | 4 | 4 (100%) | 3 | 3 (100%) |
| Yes | 5 (6%) | 1 (3%) | 4 (9%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| 12-mo outcomes | |||||||||||
| Readmission | |||||||||||
| No | 106 | 35 (33%) | 40 | 13 (33%) | 58 | 21 (36%) | 0.8296 | 5 | 0 (0%) | 3 | 1 (33%) |
| Yes | 71 (67%) | 27 (68%) | 37 (64%) | 5 (100%) | 2 (67%) | ||||||
| Need for kidney transplant | |||||||||||
| No | 106 | 104 (98%) | 40 | 38 (95%) | 58 | 58 (100%) | 0.1641 | 5 | 5 (100%) | 3 | 3 (100%) |
| Yes | 2 (2%) | 2 (5%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Biliary complications | |||||||||||
| Median time of follow-up for biliary complications, d | 120 | 304 (178–459) | 44 | 410 (253–492) | 67 | 262 (151–432) | 0.0066 | 5 | 330 (288–332) | 4 | 207 (120–455) |
| ERCP | |||||||||||
| No | 118 | 75 (64%) | 44 | 25 (57%) | 65 | 45 (69%) | 0.2235 | 5 | 3 (60%) | 4 | 2 (50%) |
| Yes | 43 (36%) | 19 (43%) | 20 (31%) | 2 (40%) | 2 (50%) | ||||||
| No. of ERCP (if yes) | 43 | 2 (2–4) | 19 | 2 (2–3) | 20 | 3 (2–4) | 0.3004 | 2 | 2 (1–2) | 2 | 3 (1–4) |
| PTC | |||||||||||
| No | 118 | 116 (98%) | 44 | 44 (100%) | 65 | 63 (97%) | 0.5141 | 5 | 5 (100%) | 4 | 4 (100%) |
| Yes | 2 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Anastomotic stricture | |||||||||||
| No | 118 | 86 (73%) | 44 | 31 (70%) | 65 | 49 (75%) | 0.6599 | 5 | 3 (60%) | 4 | 3 (75%) |
| Yes | 32 (27%) | 13 (30%) | 16 (25%) | 2 (40%) | 1 (25%) | ||||||
| Anastomotic stricture, grade | |||||||||||
| No | 118 | 86 (73%) | 44 | 31 (70%) | 65 | 49 (75%) | 0.2130 | 5 | 3 (60%) | 4 | 3 (75%) |
| Mild | 7 (6%) | 1 (2%) | 6 (9%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Moderate | 8 (7%) | 3 (7%) | 4 (6%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (25%) | ||||||
| Severe | 17 (14%) | 9 (20%) | 6 (9%) | 2 (40%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Bile leak | |||||||||||
| No | 118 | 108 (92%) | 44 | 40 (91%) | 65 | 60 (92%) | 1.0000 | 5 | 5 (100%) | 4 | 3 (75%) |
| Yes | 10 (8%) | 4 (9%) | 5 (8%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (25%) | ||||||
| Ischemic cholangiopathy | |||||||||||
| No | 118 | 108 (92%) | 44 | 40 (91%) | 65 | 59 (91%) | 1.0000 | 5 | 5 (100%) | 4 | 4 (100%) |
| Yes | 10 (8%) | 4 (9%) | 6 (9%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Ischemic cholangiopathy, grade | |||||||||||
| B | 10 | 2 (20%) | 4 | 1 (2%) | 6 | 1 (1%) | N/A | 0 | 0 (0%) | 0 | 0 (0%) |
| C | 1 (10%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| D | 6 (60%) | 3 (7%) | 3 (5%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| E | 1 (10%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| Days out of hospital, mo | |||||||||||
| 3 | 113 | 80 (73–83) | 43 | 80 (70–84) | 62 | 81 (74–83) | 0.9792 | 5 | 80 (79–82) | 3 | 82 (50–86) |
| 6 | 88 | 172 (161–175) | 37 | 170 (157–175) | 44 | 173 (164–175) | 0.2891 | 4 | 173 (170–174) | 3 | 174 (142–178) |
| 12 | 49 | 352 (339–357) | 26 | 350 (338–357) | 21 | 352 (341–357) | 0.6524 | 1 | 356 (356–356) | 1 | 324 (324–324) |
| Acquisition costs, $, fiscal year | |||||||||||
| 2022/2023 | 44 | 79 213 | 24 | 79 213 | 18 | $79 213 | NA | 1 | $79 213 | 1 | $79 213 |
| 2023/2024 | 76 | $98 036 | 20 | $98 036 | 49 | $98 036 | NA | 4 | $98 036 | 3 | $98 036 |
| Direct costs, $ | |||||||||||
| Index admission | 120 | $45 849 ($36 972–$56 307) | 44 | $45 175 ($36 800–$55 091) | 67 | $46 131 ($38 123–$57 289) | 0.6885 | 5 | $40 091 ($35 596–$47 983) | 4 | $45 705 ($34 551–$83 411) |
| 3 mo | 113 | $53 777 ($42 616–$75 262) | 43 | $51 585 ($42 616–$74 595) | 62 | $56 755 ($43 215–$79 697) | 0.6886 | 5 | $46 857 ($41 147–$50 673) | 3 | $53 292 ($42 581–$155 792) |
| 6 mo | 88 | $59 252 ($44 376–$81 415) | 37 | $57 398 ($48 340 – $81 328) | 44 | $60 383 ($44 079–$84 011) | 0.6940 | 4 | $44 506 ($38 386–$56 305) | 3 | $54 180 ($43 253–$161 525) |
| 12 mo | 49 | $62 610 ($43 982–$96 334) | 26 | $71 010 ($52 929 – $96 334) | 21 | $62 461 ($43 982–$89 954) | 0.7240 | 1 | $37 755 (NA) | 1 | $162 559 (NA) |
ACR, acute cellular rejection; AKI, acute kidney injury; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy; EAD, early allograft dysfunction; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; HD, hemodialysis; ICU, intensive care unit; INR, international normalized ratio; IQR, interquartile range; NMP, normothermic machine perfusion; NRP, normothermic regional perfusion; PNF, primary nonfunction; POD, postoperative day; PTC, percutaneous transhepatic catheter; RAI, rejection activity index; SCS, static cold storage.