Table 5.
Neuropsychiatric Clinical Studies Employing Two (or More) Targets.
| Disease | Summary of Results | Strategy | Target | # of Subjects | Leads | IPG | Frequency (Hz), (Min, Max) | Pulse Width (μSec), (Min, Max) | Voltage (V), (Min, Max) | Current (mA), (Min, Max) | Publication Identifier | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| substance use disorder | VASC score 7.6 (baseline) vs 0.8 (NAc+ALIC) | Multi-Contact | NAc | ALIC | 8 | Custom leads | Suzhou Screneray IPG | 145, 185 | 120, 300 | 1.5, 7 | [304] | |
| obsessive compulsive disorder | Y-BOCS mean score 14.17 (VC/VS+STN) vs 17 (VC/VS) vs 19.83 (STN) | Multi-Target | VC/VS | STN | 6 | Medtronic, Model 3387, 3389 | Medtronic Activa PC | 130 | 60 | 0.7, 2.85 (amSTN) 5.3, 7 (VC/VS) |
[84] | |
| Y-BOCS improvement from baseline 50% (STN+ALIC) vs 41.2% (STN only) vs 31% (ALIC only) | Multi-Target | ALIC | STN | 6 | Medtronic, Model 3387, 3389 | [85] | ||||||
| Y-BOCS improvement from baseline 13.34% (VC/VS) vs 16.38% (VC/VS+SMA) | Multi-Target | VC/VS | SMA | 1 | Medtronic, Model 3386, 3391 | Medtronic Activa PC + S | 15, 135 (VC/VS), 10, 130 (SMA) |
90, 150 (VC/VS), 90 (SMA) |
2.5, 4.5 (VC/VS), 2, 5.1 (SMA) |
[91] | ||
| Y-BOCS score max improvement from baseline 72.5% | Multi-Target | VC/VS | BNST | 3 | Medtornic, Model 3387 SenSight Directional |
Medtronic Summit RC+S, Activa RC, Activa PC, Percept | 125, 150 | 90 | 2, 5 | [92] | ||
| epilepsy and obsessive compulsive disorder | Y-BOCS improvement from baseline 37.5% | Multi-Target | STG | NAc | 1 | Neuropace depth leads + strips | Neuropace RNS programmable neurostimulator | 50, 200 | 40, 120 | 0.5, 7 | [296] | |
| Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and obsessive compulsive disorder | YGTSS score max improvement from baseline 80%; Y-BOCS score max improvement from baseline 56% | Multi-Target | VC/VS | GPi | 2 | Medtronic Percept PC | [94] | |||||
| YGTSS score max improvement from baseline 60%; Y-BOCS score max improvement from baseline 45% | Multi-Target | VC/VS | ALIC / NAc | 1 | Medtronic, Model 3387 | Medtronic Activa PC | 130 | 90 | 2.5, 5 | [93] | ||
| depression | Improvement of mood and anxiety | Multi-Target | SCC | VC/VS | 1 | Boston Scientific, Cartesia | 6, 130 | 50, 180 | 2, 5 | [106] | ||
| HAMD reduction | Multi-Target | SCC | MFB | 2 | Medtronic, Model 3387 | 140, 150 | 60, 90 | 3.2, 4 (SSC), 3.5 (MFB) |
[105] | |||
| HAMD-17 improvement from baseline 57% | Multi-Contact | BNST | NAc | 23 | 130 | 90 | 2, 6 | [107] | ||||
| chronic pain | VASP min score 0 (NAC+PVG) vs 3 (NAC only) vs 3 (PVG only) | Multi-Target | PVG | NAc | 1 | Medtronic, Model 3387 | 130 | 300 (PVG), 450 (NAC) |
3.5 (PVG), 1 (NAC) |
[109] | ||
| NRSP mean improvement from baseline 56% (PAG only) vs 67% (CmPf only) vs 73% (PAG+CmPf) | Multi-Target | PAG | CmPf | 3 | Medtronic, Model 3387 | 5, 10 (PAG), 70, 150 (CMPf) |
90, 150 (PAG), 60, 90 (CMPf) |
1, 5 (PAG), 2, 2.5 (CMPf) |
[110] | |||
| Medication reduction achieved | Multi-Contact | CmPf | PAG / PVG | 3 | Boston Scientific, Vercise, Model DB1110 Generator | Boston Scientific, model DB2201 | 10 (PAG/PVG), 132 (CMPf) |
60, 110 (PAG/PVG), 60, 90 (PAG/PVG) |
3.5, 4.5 (PAG/PVG), 4, 4.5 (CMPf) |
[108] | ||
Anterior Limb of the Internal Capsule (ALIC); Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis (BNST); Centromedian Intra-Laminar Parafascicular Complex (CMPf); Globus Pallidus Pars Interna (GPi); Medial Forebrain Bundle (MFB); Nucleus Accumbens (NAc); Periaqueductal Grey (PAG); Periventricular Gray Region (PVG); Subcallosal Cingulate (SCC); Supplementary Motor Area (SMA); Superior Temporal Gyrus (STG); Subthalamic Nucleus (STN); Ventral Capsule/Ventral Striatum (VC/VS)
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17); Numeric Rating Scale for Pain (NRSP); Visual Analogue Scale for Craving (VASC); Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VASP); Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS); Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS)