Table 2. Standardized prompts used to produce AI-generated and AI-assisted abstracts.

Type	Prompt used
AI-Generated	Generate an abstract for each of these journal articles prepared for submission to the scientific journal “journal name”: (1) Article 1 Title (2) Article 2 Title (3) … (4) Article 8 Title
AI-Assisted	Below are several research articles in preparation for submission to the “journal name” journal. Enhance the clarity and readability of the abstract but keep the title unchanged: (1) Title and Original Abstract of Article 1 (2) Title and Original Abstract of Article 2 (3) … (4) Title and Original Abstract of Article 8