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. 2025 Sep 9;12:1631880. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2025.1631880

Table 2.

Characteristics of the included studies.

Study, Year [Reference] Sample size Intervention Outcome indicators
Acu Control Acu Control Acupoints selection
Gao and Zhong (16) 30 30 Electro Routine LI14, LI15, etc
Huang et al. (17) 62 62 Facial + Prednisone Prednisone Shoulder poin, Elbow point, Upper Burner
Wang et al. (18) 46 46 Wrist-ankle Routine Upper 4, 5, 6 zone of the affected side ②④
Xie et al. (19) 30 30 Electro + Myoelectricity Myoelectricity SI9, LI14, LI15, GB21 ②④
Xing et al. (20) 35 37 Wrist-ankle Routine Upper 4, 5, 6 zone of the affected side ②④
Hong and Lei (21) 35 35 Millimetre Routine BL64,SI9,SI3,SJ14,LI15, etc ①②
Shi (22) 33 32 Warm Routine LI14, LI15, SI9 ①③
Duan et al. (23) 46 46 Electro Routine LI15, LI14, SJ14 ①②③④
Huang et al. (24) 30 30 Warm Routine LI15, SI9, LI14
Gao et al. (25) 32 32 Superficial Routine Myofascial lines
Qian and Shou (26) 40 40 Wrist-ankle Routine Upper 4, 5 zone of the affected side ②③
Xiong et al. (27) 30 30 Wrist-ankle + Dizocin Dizocin Upper 2, 4, 5 zone of the affected side ②③
Zhang (28) 38 37 Millimetre Routine SI9, SJ14, LI15 ①②④
Wang and Liu (29) 30 30 Millimetre Routine LI15, SJ14, LI14, GB21
Ning et al. (30) 30 30 Electro Routine LI15, LI14, SJ14 ②③
Wang et al. (31) 40 40 Electro Routine SI9, SJ14, LI15, SI11, LI14 ②④
Zhang et al. (32) 35 35 Warm Routine LI14, LI15, SI9
Cai (33) 30 30 Warm Routine LI14, LI15, SI9 ②③

①: effective rate; ②: VAS scores; ③: CMS scores; ④: shoulder mobility; Acupoints selection is according to the WHO international standard terminologies.