Table 3.
Probit marginal effects for each component of successful ageing.
| No Major Disease (NMD) | No ADL Disability (No ADLD) | High Cognitive Functioning (HCF) | High Physical Functioning (HPF) | Actively Engaged (AE) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
| Variables | Marginal effect | Standard error | Marginal effect | Standard error | Marginal effect | Standard error | Marginal effect | Standard error | Marginal effect | Standard error |
|
| ||||||||||
| Female | 0.001 | 0.023 | 0.003 | 0.011 | −0.092 * ** | 0.024 | −0.094 *** | 0.024 | 0.165 *** | 0.023 |
| Contemporary variables | ||||||||||
| Age (Base: 40 – 50) | ||||||||||
| - 51 – 60 | −0.103 *** | 0.025 | −0.002 | 0.011 | −0.097 *** | 0.026 | −0.073 *** | 0.025 | 0.204 *** | 0.023 |
| - 61 – 70 | −0.158 *** | 0.027 | 0.002 | 0.012 | −0.176*** | 0.027 | −0.105 *** | 0.027 | 0.227 *** | 0.025 |
| - 71 or older | −0.178 *** | 0.029 | −0.033 ** | 0.014 | −0.330*** | 0.027 | −0.247 *** | 0.028 | 0.139*** | 0.028 |
| Marital status (Base: Divorced, separated or widowed) | ||||||||||
| - Never married | −0.030 | 0.040 | 0.022 | 0.013 | −0.015 | 0.040 | −0.053 | 0.040 | −0.118*** | 0.042 |
| - Married | 0.048 ** | 0.019 | 0.018 ** | 0.009 | 0.064 *** | 0.020 | 0.053 *** | 0.020 | 0.134*** | 0.019 |
| Employment status (Base: Never) | ||||||||||
| - Working | 0.081 *** | 0.026 | 0.007 | 0.013 | 0.081 *** | 0.028 | 0.106*** | 0.027 | 0.008 | 0.028 |
| - Stopped | 0.019 | 0.020 | −0.020 * | 0.009 | 0.037 * | 0.021 | −0.004 | 0.021 | 0.079 *** | 0.021 |
| Living Alone | −0.041 | 0.029 | 0.021 * | 0.010 | 0.013 | 0.029 | −0.028 | 0.030 | −0.381 *** | 0.023 |
| Education (Base: No education) | ||||||||||
| - Low | −0.059 *** | 0.019 | 0.015 * | 0.008 | 0.248 *** | 0.017 | 0.030 | 0.020 | 0.044 ** | 0.020 |
| - Medium | 0.018 | 0.027 | 0.016 | 0.011 | 0.324 *** | 0.019 | 0.079 *** | 0.027 | −0.031 | 0.027 |
| - High | −0.027 | 0.036 | 0.017 | 0.014 | 0.285 *** | 0.025 | 0.058 | 0.036 | −0.003 | 0.035 |
| HH Expenditure (quartiles) (Base: 1st quartile) | ||||||||||
| - 2nd | −0.019 | 0.023 | 0.008 | 0.010 | 0.038 | 0.023 | −0.061 * | 0.025 | 0.036 | 0.024 |
| - 3rd | −0.037 | 0.024 | 0.000 | 0.010 | 0.131 *** | 0.022 | −0.058 ** | 0.025 | 0.051 ** | 0.024 |
| - 4th | −0.087 *** | 0.024 | 0.021 ** | 0.010 | 0.219 *** | 0.022 | −0.027 | 0.025 | 0.123 *** | 0.024 |
| Smoking (Base: Never) | ||||||||||
| - Stopped | −0.020 | 0.029 | 0.003 | 0.012 | −0.052 * | 0.030 | −0.060 ** | 0.029 | −0.034 | 0.029 |
| - Current | 0.079 ** | 0.032 | 0.001 | 0.015 | −0.020 | 0.036 | −0.061 * | 0.036 | −0.031 | 0.036 |
| Alcohol consumption (Base: Never) | ||||||||||
| - Stopped | −0.036 * | 0.020 | −0.029 *** | 0.010 | −0.086 *** | 0.021 | −0.040 ** | 0.021 | −0.045 ** | 0.021 |
| - Current | −0.004 | 0.030 | 0.000 | 0.013 | −0.125 *** | 0.031 | 0.053 * | 0.030 | −0.035 | 0.031 |
| BMI (Base: Normal) | ||||||||||
| - Underweight | −0.066 * | 0.039 | −0.036 * | 0.019 | −0.080 ** | 0.040 | −0.020 | 0.038 | −0.078 ** | 0.038 |
| - Overweight or obese | −0.069 *** | 0.018 | 0.006 | 0.008 | 0.053 ** | 0.019 | −0.039 ** | 0.019 | 0.041 ** | 0.018 |
| Childhood conditions | ||||||||||
| - Parents together when born | 0.040 | 0.033 | 0.024 | 0.017 | −0.026 | 0.034 | 0.081 ** | 0.035 | 0.066 ** | 0.033 |
| - Father attended school | −0.038 | 0.024 | −0.012 | 0.012 | −0.023 | 0.025 | 0.059 ** | 0.024 | −0.007 | 0.024 |
| - Child health rating | −0.021 ** | 0.008 | −0.013 *** | 0.003 | −0.084 *** | 0.009 | −0.062 *** | 0.009 | −0.029 *** | 0.009 |
| Number of observations | 3870 | 4299 | 4300 | 3833 | 4300 | |||||
Note: Marginal effects are measured at the mean of the corresponding control variable for continuous variables, and as the difference in predicted probability of switching from 0 to 1 for dummy variables. Robust standard errors are reported.
***
- significant at the 1% level
**
- significant at the 5% level
*
- significant at the 10% level.