Table 3:

Models compare week intervals in 2020 and 2021–2024 to pre-pandemic week intervals (2017–2019). Encounter counts for each visit with an asthma-related medication (SABA, ICS, and OCS) across relevant week intervals are presented as RR (95% CI) using quasi-Poisson generalized linear regression. Combined effects were calculated using estimated marginal means. Statistical significance was assessed using Dunnett’s method to adjust for multiple comparisons, with a critical p-value of 0.0085 (α = 0.05, 6 comparisons per medication type).

Encounter Medication (N)	Weeks 1–8 RR (95% CI)	p-value	Weeks 9–18 RR (95% CI)	p-value	Weeks 19–52 RR (95% CI)	p-value
SABA (71,161)
2017–2019	1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)
2020	1.11 (0.92–1.34)	0.337	1.73 (1.50–2.00)	<0.001	1.04 (0.94–1.14)	0.570
2021–2024	1.13 (1.00–1.28)	0.047	1.21 (1.08–1.35)	<0.001	1.19 (1.12–1.27)	<0.001
ICS (59,037)
2017–2019	1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)
2020	1.10 (0.91–1.32)	0.427	1.43 (1.23–1.66)	<0.001	1.06 (0.96–1.16)	0.341
2021–2024	1.13 (1.00–1.28)	0.042	1.15 (1.03–1.28)	0.009	1.15 (1.08–1.22)	<0.001
OCS (25,787)
2017–2019	1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)
2020	0.93 (0.73–1.18)	0.714	0.95 (0.76–1.19)	0.821	0.63 (0.55–0.74)	<0.001
2021–2024	0.58 (0.49–0.69)	<0.001	0.70 (0.59–0.81)	<0.001	0.78 (0.72–0.85)	<0.001