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. 2025 Sep 18;2025:2583925. doi: 10.1155/term/2583925

Table 1.

Summary table listing all publications discussed in this manuscript on ex vivo lung perfusion.

Study Animal species/strain Perfusion solution Tubing type/length Use of oxygenators Flow rate Length of perfusion Temperature (°C) Application Functional tests performed Cannulation site
Lung
 Benchtop
  Maxey, 2004 C57BL/6 mice (adult males) Krebs–Henseleit buffer containing 2% albumin, 0.1% glucose, and 0.3% HEPES (335–340mOsm/kg) Not described No 2 mL/min 60 min 37°C Modeling pulmonary I/R injury Lung weight, lung injury score, pulmonary artery and vein pressures, airway resistance, pulmonary compliance Trachea for ventilation; inferior vena cava for media perfusion
  Zhao, 2006 C57BL/6 mice (adult males) Krebs–Henseleit buffer containing 2% albumin, 0.1% glucose, and 0.3% HEPES (335–340mOsm/kg) Not described No 60 μL/g body weight/min 60 min 37°C Investigating the role of alveolar macrophages in pulmonary I/R injury Lung weight, cytokine/chemokine expression (RT-PCR, ELISA), lung vascular permeability, neutrophil quantification, pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary compliance Trachea for ventilation; inferior vena cava for media perfusion
  Francioli, 2017 Sprague–Dawley rat (300 g) Steen® solution (Xvivo perfusion, Göteborg, Sweden, pH 7.4) Not described Gas-exchange membrane Not described 4 h 37°C Testing of pharmaceutical drug pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) during warm ischemia Physiological variables (PA pressure, arterial pressure, vascular resistance, compliance), protein concentration and lactate dehydrogenase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, NF-kB expression Pulmonary artery for media perfusion; trachea for ventilation
  Wang, 2016 Sprague–Dawley rat (400 g) Steen solution (Xvivo perfusion, Göteborg, Sweden, pH 7.4) Not described Gas-exchange membrane Not described 3 h 37°C Effect of MnTBAP and 3-AB on the lung during warm ischemic injury Physiological variables (PA pressure, arterial pressure, vascular resistance, compliance), protein concentration and lactate dehydrogenase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, histology Pulmonary artery for media perfusion; trachea for ventilation
 Incubator
  Mishra, 2012 Sprague–Dawley rats (6-12-week-old male) RPMI Silicone (3 m) No 6 mL/min 7–14 days 37°C Modeling human lung cancer on a decellularized rat lung matrix Histology, DNA extraction, immunohistochemistry Trachea for cell seeding, pulmonary artery for media perfusion
  Ahmadipour, 2021 C57BL/6 mice (12-14-week-old males) High glucose content DMEM containing 10% FBS and 1% antibiotics Not described No 1.5 mL/min (vascular perfusion rate); 40 breaths/min with a tidal volume of 300 μL (ventilation rate) 3 days 37°C Describing a novel ventilation protocol for enhanced recellularization of rat lung scaffolds Histology, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR Trachea for liquid ventilation and cell seeding, pulmonary artery for media perfusion
  Engler, 2018 Sprague–Dawley rat (200 g) DMEM high glucose with 10% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, 3 μg/mL amphotericin B and 50 μg/mL gentamicin Silicone (1.5 m) Hollow fiber cartridge oxygenator 4 mL/min (perfusion rate); 4, 6, 8, 16, or 32 mL/min (oxygenator flow rate) 24 h 37°C Mathematical modeling and characterization of oxygen requirements of whole lung tissues Histology, immunofluorescence staining, whole lung cell count, total lung weight, single cell oxygen consumption rate, glucose consumption, lactate production Pulmonary artery for media perfusion