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. 2025 Sep 12;16:1616826. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1616826

TABLE 2.

The cost and outcome results of the base-case analysis.

Parameters Overall population PD–L1 CPS ⩾5 population
Chinese perspective United States perspective Chinese perspective United States perspective
Switch maintenance group Control group Switch maintenance group Control group Switch maintenance group Control group Switch maintenance group Control group
Total cost ($) 69,852.42 13,114.09 256,611.11 713,60.56 75,556.47 12,815.23 276,370.43 70,263.30
Incremental costs ($) 56,738.52 185,250.55 62,741.24 206,107.13
Overall QALYs 0.89 0.74 0.91 0.76 1.02 0.79 1.05 0.80
Incremental QALYs 0.15 0.16 0.24 0.25
ICER ($/QALY) 373,219.84 1,193,220.74 266,259.94 835,740.90

Abbreviations: CPS, combined positive score; ICER, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio; QALYs, quality-adjusted life-years.

The bold font represents the ratio of incremental costs to incremental QALYs between the two treatment groups.