Table 3.
Research on the detection of cervical cancer (SERS).
| No | Particle size | Targe | Surface functionalization of AuNPs | Highlights of Study | Clinical sample | LOD | Linear range | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ~600nm | SCCA; OPN | – | Ag-AuNFs bimetallic nanocomposites with arrow-headed tip nanostructures | Serum(150) | 191.73fM; 132.97fM | 10 pg/mL~9 μg/mL | (55) |
| 2 | ~45nm | B7-H6 | Covalent bonding | Zwitterion-modified stealth sensor with pH-stable spiky AuNPs | Positive serum(9); negative serum(1) | 10fM | 10fM~10nM | (56) |
| 3 | ~20nm | CpG methyltransferase | – | Site-selective assembly of AuNP arrays on monolayer SiO2 arrays yielding Au@SiO2 array substrates;RCA signal amplification strategy | Serum(150) | 0.251mU/mL | 0.005~50U/mL | (57) |
| 4 | ~20nm | SCCA; CEA | – | Cubic Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticles integrated on Au@SiO2 array substrates;Pump-free flow via capillary pump/hydrophilic-treated channels;Multichannel parallel auto-detection | Positive serum(60); negative serum(30) | 10fM; 2fM | 1pg/mL~1μg/mL | (58) |
| 5 | 70~80nm | p16;Ki-67 | Covalent bonding | AuNS@Ag nanoflowers enable 20-min slide detection, bypassing ICC staining. | Cervical smear | – | – | (59) |
| 6 | ~20nm | miRNA21/124/143 | – | SPRi: AuNP-helper probes enhance chip signals; SERS: Triplex Raman reporters hybridize with target miRNAs. | – | 1 fM; 0.8 fM; 1.2 fM | 10 fM~100pM | (60) |
| 7 | 40~45nm | – | – | SERS on single cells/spheroids/DNA + chemometrics (PCA/LDA/SVM) for cervical cancer detection; validated by cytology/HPV PCR/UFLC metabolomics. | Cervical smear | – | – | (61) |
| 8 | ~80nm | – | – | “Hotspot”-rich 3D plasmonic AuNP-nanomembranes: LLISA-assembled monolayers triple-stacked on ITO; optimized with AI. | Positive serum(12); negative serum(5) | – | – | (62) |
| 9 | ~25nm | – | – | A reliable detection protocol was established to obtain highly stable and reproducible serum SERS spectra | Positive serum(12); negative serum(24) | – | – | (63) |
| 10 | 83 ± 6nm | sEV | – | Detection of cancerous exosomes using plasmonic AuNPs nanosheets as SERS substrates combined with CD63 nanoflares | Positive serum(11); negative serum(8) | 4.7 × 105 particles/mL. | 1 × 106~2 × 108particles/mL | (64) |