Table 5.

Distribution of direct medical costs based on urine toxicology and gender

Substance	Gender	Number	Minimum cost ($)	Maximum cost ($)	Average cost ($)
Buprenorphine	Male	6	135	232	159
	Female	3	152	166	158
Tramadol	Male	4	139	177	154
	Female	6	137	184	162
Methadone	Male	11	96	212	151
	Female	7	71	282	163
Morphine	Male	5	51	2,155	541
	Female	3	126	160	144