Table 1.

Summary of RPAA-TAM factors and propositions

RPAA-TAM factors	Definition	Direction of influence (proposition)
Perceived benefit (PB)	Usefulness + ease of use of the AI anti-pandemic tool	PB → + Attitude (P1)
Perceived risk (PR)	Privacy, security, financial, psychological risks	PR → – Attitude (P2)
Public trust (PT)	Confidence in institutions & technology that deliver the tool	PT → + PB (P3); PT → – PR (P4); PT mediates external variables (P5)
Social influence (SI)	Normative + informational pressure from government, media, peers	SI → + PB (P6a, P6b)
Outcome demonstration (OD)	Observable evidence that the tool works (case counts drop, faster diagnosis, etc.)	OD → + PB (P6c, P6d)
Facilitating conditions (FC)	Technical & policy infrastructure enabling use (apps, bandwidth, regulations)	FC → + Behavioural intention (P7)