Table 2.

Summary of RPAA-TAM factors and case evidence

RPAA-TAM factors	Empirical evidence from the case
Perceived benefit (PB)	Robots replaced staff in high-risk wards → saved PPE, cut infection; public saw clear usefulness & ease of use (voice-interactive chatbots)
Public trust (PT)	Central & local government policy white papers endorsed the robots → raised public trust, boosting perceived benefits & lowering perceived risks
Social influence (SI)	Positive social media stories + neighbour testimonials amplified adoption
Outcome demonstration (OD)	Daily TV news showed robots disinfecting, delivering meds → tangible proof → higher PB
Facilitating conditions (FC)	Hospitals already had 5G & cloud infra; government fast-tracked robot deployment → smoother adoption