Table 4.

Clinical characteristics and demographics of patients underwent post-PTGBD early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Early group) and post-PTGBD delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Delayed group)

	Early	Delayed	p value
	N = 18	N = 175
Age (years)
Median (IQR)	65 (53–78)	69 (57–77)	0.493
Mean ± SEM	63.7 ± 3.49	66.3 ± 1.10	0.461
> 70	7 (38.9%)	82 (46.9%)	0.623
Gender			0.805
Male	9 (50.0%)	96 (54.9%)
Female	9 (50.0%)	79 (45.1%)
Liver cirrhosis	1 (5.6%)	3 (1.7%)	0.326
≥ 3 Comorbidities	3 (16.7%)	24 (13.7%)	0.722
Abdominal surgical history	4 (22.2%)	30 (17.1%)	0.529
Onset > 72 h	4 (22.2%)	41 (23.4%)	1.000
Fever (BT > 38°)	10 (55.6%)	51 (29.1%)	0.032
SBP on admission
Median (IQR)	154 (131–181)	144 (123–164)	0.207
Mean ± SEM	155 ± 7.1	145 ± 2.2	0.186
Shock (< 90 mmHg)	0 (0.0%)	2 (1.1%)	1.000
Leukocyte (103/µL)
Median (IQR)	13.2 (10.5–17.5)	14.4 (10.4–17.7)	0.734
Mean ± SEM	14.1 ± 1.24	14.5 ± 0.42	0.729
Platelet count (103/µL)
Median (IQR)	226.5 (187.0–258.5)	192.0 (142.0–239.0)	0.028
Mean ± SEM	230.5 ± 14.57	194.1 ± 4.88	0.023
PT-INR
Median (IQR)	1.10 (1.10–1.20)	1.20 (1.10–1.30)	0.143
Mean ± SEM	1.14 ± 0.021	1.20 ± 0.013	0.153
Elevated LFT > 2 times	2 (12.5%, n = 16)	26 (15.9%, n = 164)	1.000
Hyperbilirubinemia	2 (11.8%, n = 17)	23 (14.4%, n = 160)	1.000
Tokyo Guidelines 2018			0.464
Grade 1	7 (38.9%)	54 (30.8%)
Grade 2	10 (55.5%)	92 (52.6%)
Grade 3	1 (5.6%)	29 (16.6%)
Application of ERCP	1 (5.6%)	12 (6.9%)	1.000
Interval before operation
Post-PTGBD (day)
Median (IQR)	5.8 (4.2–8.1)	73.0 (56.0–105.0)	< 0.001
Mean ± SEM	6.5 ± 0.66	129.3 ± 18.49	0.035

*PTGBD, percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage; IQR, interquartile range; SEM, standard error of the mean; SBP, systolic blood pressure; PT-INR, international normalized ratio of prothrombin time; LFT, liver function tests; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

The results or descriptions highlighted in bold are solely intended to facilitate readers in readily identifying the key points in the tables