Table 6.

Outcomes of patients underwent post-PTGBD early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Early group) and post-PTGBD delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Delayed group)

	Unadjusted			Adjusted by IPTW (frequency)
	Early (N = 18)	Delayed (N = 175)	p value	Early	Delayed	p value
Adverse events	2 (11.1%)	28 (16.0%)	0.744	13 (7.3%)	22 (13.7%)	0.073
Conversion to laparotomy	2 (11.1%)	20 (11.4%)	1.000	13 (7.3%)	17 (10.6%)	0.340
Major complication	0 (0.0%)	19 (10.9%)#	0.225	0 (0.0%)	15 (9.3%)	< 0.001
Total hospital stay (day)
Median (IQR)	12.0 (8.9–14.8)	13.0 (11.0–17.0)	0.238	10.0 (5.0–12.0)	12.0 (10.0–17.0)	< 0.001
Mean ± SEM	13.2 ± 1.66	15.4 ± 0.74	0.364	11.0 ± 0.50	15.0 ± 0.76	< 0.001
Total ICU stay (day)
Median (IQR)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.680	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.180
Mean ± SEM	0.6 ± 0.35	0.6 ± 0.14	0.932	0.3 ± 0.09	0.5 ± 0.13	0.144

^*PTGBD, percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting; IQR, interquartile range; SEM, standard error of the mean

^#Six patients with bile duct injury, one with duodenal perforation, 3 with bleeding, and 9 with others