Skip to main content
. 2025 Sep 10;16:1645087. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1645087
Legal status
Public Private Private government-dependent ND
N % N % N % N %
Geographical area Northern Europe 203 36.84 143 25.95 205 37.21 0 0.00
Eastern Europe 295 52.12 244 43.11 17 3.00 10 1.77
Western Europe 646 64.47 206 20.56 87 8.68 63 6.29
Southern Europe 339 55.57 248 40.66 22 3.61 1 0.16
Middle Eastern Europe 118 57.00 89 43.00 0 0.00 0 0.00
Tot 1,601 54.53 930 31.68 331 11.27 74 2.52
Institution category
University University of applied sciences Other ND
N % N % N % N %
Geographical area Northern Europe 233 42.13 131 23.69 189 34.18 0 0.00
Eastern Europe 312 55.12 17 3.00 228 40.28 9 1.59
Western Europe 454 44.95 359 35.54 133 13.17 64 6.34
Southern Europe 418 68.52 96 15.74 94 15.41 2 0.33
Middle Eastern Europe 180 86.96 15 7.25 12 5.80 0 0.00
Tot 1,597 54.21 618 20.98 656 22.27 75 2.55