3-AT	3-amino-1,2,4-triazole
4E-BP1	eIF4E-binding protein 1
4-HNE	4-Hydroxynonenal
α-KGD	α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
ABCG2	ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2
AGR2	Anterior gradient 2
AhR	aryl hydrocarbon receptor
AKT	Ak strain transforming, aka. protein kinase B
APC	adenomatous polyposis coli
ASK1	apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1
ATM	ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (kinase)
ATN-224	tetrathiomolybdate derivative
AXL	AXL receptor tyrosine kinase
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
Bcl-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
BrdU	5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine
CLL	chronic lymphocytic leukemia
COX-2	cyclooxygenase-2
CRC	colorectal cancer
CSC	cancer stem–like cell
Dvl	Dishevelled
E-selectin	endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1
EC-SOD	extracellular superoxide dismutase
EGFR	epidermal growth factor receptor
EGR1	early growth response 1
eIF4E	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E
EMT	epithelial–mesenchymal transition
ER	endoplasmic reticulum
ERK/ERK1/2	extracellular signal-regulated kinase (isoforms 1 and 2)
FoxA2	Forkhead box A2
GDF15	growth differentiation factor 15
GPCR	G protein-coupled receptor
GPx	glutathione peroxidases
Grx3	glutaredoxin 3
GSK-3β	glycogen synthase kinase-3β
GSTs	glutathione S-transferases
H1N1	influenza A virus subtype H1N1
H2O2	hydrogen peroxide
HCC	hepatocellular carcinoma
Hh	Hedgehog
HETEs	hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (e.g., 12-/15-HETE)
HIV-1	human immunodeficiency virus type 1
HMOX1	heme oxygenase-1
IGF-1R	insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
IκBα	inhibitor of κB alpha
IKK	IκB kinase
IL	interleukin
iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
KEAP1	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
LC3	microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
LSPI	lotus seed protein isolate
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
mCAT	mitochondrial-targeted catalase
MEK	MAPK/ERK kinase
miR-122	microRNA-122
MMP	matrix metalloproteinase
MnSOD	mitochondrial superoxide dismutase
MPK38	p38-regulated/activated protein kinase
MPP+	1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
MSCs	mesenchymal stem cells
mtDNA	mitochondrial DNA
mTORC1	mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1
NAC	N-acetylcysteine
NADH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NADPH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
Nkx3.1	NK3 homeobox 1
NMD	nonsense-mediated mRNA decay
NRF	nuclear factor erythroid
NRX	nucleoredoxin
NSCLC	non-small cell lung cancer
OSCN−	hypothiocyanite
p70S6K	70 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase
PCOS	polycystic ovary syndrome
PDGFRβ	platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β
PDGF-BB	platelet-derived growth factor-BB
PEG-SOD	polyethylene glycol–conjugated superoxide dismutase
PEX5	peroxisomal biogenesis factor 5
PERK	PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase
PI3K	phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PIN	prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
PIP3	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate
PP2A	protein phosphatase 2A
PMA	phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate
Prxs	peroxiredoxins
PTP1B	protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B
PTPs	protein tyrosine phosphatases
RET	REarranged during Transfection
RNS	reactive nitrogen species
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RTKs	receptor tyrosine kinases
RXRα	retinoid X receptor alpha
sFlt-1	soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, soluble VEGFR-1
siRNA	small interfering RNA
SMO	Smoothened
SODs	superoxide dismutases
STAT3	Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3
STZ	streptozotocin
TCF/LEF	T-cell factor/Lymphoid enhancer factor
TCGA	The Cancer Genome Atlas
TGF-β	transforming growth factor beta
TLR-4; TLR-7	Toll-like receptor-4/-7
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α
TNFR1	tumor necrosis factor receptor 1
TNKS1	tankyrase 1
TOPflash	TCF/LEF luciferase Wnt reporter assay
TPx	thioredoxin peroxidase
TRAF2	TNF receptor–associated factor 2
TRAMP	Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate
TRP14	thioredoxin-related protein 14
Trx	thioredoxin
TSC	tuberous sclerosis complex
TXL-2b	thioredoxin-like protein 2b
TXNDC9	thioredoxin domain-containing protein 9
TXNIP	thioredoxin-interacting protein
ULK1	Unc-51-like kinase 1
UUO	unilateral ureteral obstruction
UV	ultraviolet
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
VEGFR1/VEGFR2	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1/2
Wnt	Wingless/Int