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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Sep 27.
Published before final editing as: Subst Use Misuse. 2025 Sep 2:1–9. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2025.2549496

Table 1.

Actively implemented Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution (OEND) and Medication for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) strategies for N = 33 wait-list control communities participating in the HEALing communities Study.

Number of Strategies implementeda, n Number of Strategies with Available Reach Datab, n (%) Summed Maximum Number of Partners/Organizations Reporting Any Monthc, n Summed Average Number of individuals Reached per Monthd, n

Total OEND Strategies 251 247 (98.4%) 426 8,951
OEND Strategy Type
 Active OEND for At-Risk individuals 68 68 (100.0%) 115 4,314
 Active OEND at High-Risk Venues 79 79 (100.0%) 152 1,446
 OEND by Referral 0 NA NA NA
 OEND Self-Request 65 64 (98.5%) 102 2,073
 Naloxone Availability for immediate Use in Overdose Hotspots 27 26 (96.3%) 40 1,040
 Capacity for First Responder Administration 11 9 (81.8%) 16 65
 Othere 1 1 (100.0%) 1 15
Total MOUD Strategies 223 221 (99.1%) 381 7,531
MOUD Strategy Type
 MOUD Treatment in Primary Care, General Medical and Behavior Health Settings, Specialty Addiction/Substance Use Disorder Treatment Settings, and Recovery Programs 21 20 (95.2%) 31 3,534
 MOUD Treatment in Criminal Justice Settings 10 10 (100.0%) 19 168
 Access to MOUD through Telemedicine 7 7 (100.0%) 13 131
 Interim Buprenorphine or Methadone or Medication Units 2 1 (50.0%) 2 10
 Linkage Programs 65 65 (100.0%) 84 399
 Bridging MOUD Medications as Linkage Adjunct 13 13 (100.0%) 18 524
 Enhancement of Clinical Delivery Approaches That Support Engagement and Retention 36 36 (100.0%) 63 1,091
 Use of Virtual Retention Approaches 0 NA NA NA
 Use of Retention Care Coordinators 13 13 (100.0%) 31 278
 Mental Health and Polysubstance Use integration into MOUD Treatment 3 3 (100.0%) 3 29
 Reducing Barriers to Housing, Transportation, Childcare, and Accessing Other Community Benefits for People with OUD 52 52 (100.0%) 116 1,364
 Otherf 1 1 (100.0%) 1 2

%: Percentages may not add up to 100 due to rounding.

Data Snapshot: October 23, 2024.

a

Actively implemented strategies are defined as those delivering services to individuals meant to benefit from the EBP strategy in at least one service delivery location.

b

Percent calculated as the number of implemented strategies with available reach data out of the total number of implemented strategies.

c

Number of reporting partners/organizations for a strategy is set equal to the maximum number of partners/organizations reporting data during any single month of implementation.

d

The reach of a single strategy is calculated as the average number of individuals reached per month of implementation. The average number of individuals reached is then summed by strategy type. The sum of the counts for strategy type may not equal the total counts due to rounding.

e

Other OEND strategies include care coordination to facilitate connections to OEND receipt.

f

Other MOUD strategies include care coordination to facilitate connections to MOUD referrals.