| PEM | proton exchange membrane |
| MEMS | microelectromechanical systems |
| SAV | surface area-to-volume |
| BOD | bilirubin oxidase |
| GDH | glucose dehydrogenase |
| GOD | glucose oxidase |
| ADH | alcohol dehydrogenase |
| OKABTS | azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid |
| CLEA | cross-linked enzyme aggregates |
| PIC | photoinduced imine crosslinking |
| FRP | free radical polymerization |
| PEGDA | polyethylene glycol diacrylate |
| GelMA | methacrylated gelatin |
| MED | Mediator |
| CNT | Carbon nanotube |
| SWCNT | Single-walled Carbon nanotube |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| Rgo | reduced graphene oxide |
| OCV | Open Circuit Voltage |
| AuNP | Gold nanoparticle |
| CDH | cellobiose dehydrogenase |
| NPG | nanoporous gold |