AD	Alzheimer’s Disease
NO	Nitric oxide
Aβ	Amyloid beta
APP	Amyloid precursor protein
MPRAGE	Magnetization Prepared Rapid Gradient Echo
NLRP3	nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich–containing family, pyrin domain–containing-3
BACE-1	Beta-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1
Ca2+	Calcium
Shh	Sonic Hedgehog
CaM	Calmodulin
PKC	Protein kinase C
PKB	Protein kinase B
eNOS	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase
Hh	Hedgehog pathway
GPCRs	G-protein-coupled receptors
SSTR3	Somatostatin Receptor 3
5-HT6	5-hydroxytryptamine
MR	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
AChEI	Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
ACh	Acetylcholine
M1R	Muscarinic receptor 1
M3R	Muscarinic receptor 3
p-eNOS	Phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase
CNS	Central nervous system
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RNS	Reactive nitrogen species
NOS	Nitric oxide synthase
cGMP	Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
nNOS	Neuronal nitric oxide synthase
iNOS	Inducible nitric oxide synthase
NMDA	N-methyl-D-aspartate
CBF	Cerebral blood flow
IGBP-2	Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2
IGF-1R	Insulin-like growth 1 factor
BBB	Blood–brain barrier
CSF	Cerebrospinal fluid
PET	Positron emission tomography
CAA	Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
LRP2	Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2
GLUT1	Glucose Transporter Type 1
VLDLR	very-low-density-lipoprotein receptor
Pgp	Permeability Glycoprotein
MFSD2a	Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 2
RAGE	Receptor for advanced glycation end products
RBC	Red blood cell
ABC	ATP-binding cassette
AQP-4	Aquaporin-4
LRP1	Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1
sLRP1	Soluble low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1
TRPM2	Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel, Subfamily M, Member 2
NVU	Neurovascular unit
APOE4	Apolipoprotein E4
MRI	Magnetic resonance imaging
GBCA	Gadolinium-based contrast agents
NC	Normal cognition
MCI	Mild cognitive impairment
ANGPT-2	Angiopoietin-2