| BPH | Benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| CRPC | Castration-resistant prostate cancer |
| EPS | Expressed prostatic secretion |
| FMT | Fecal microbiota transplantation |
| NGS | Next-generation sequencing |
| OTU | Operational taxonomic unit |
| PCR | Polymerase chain reaction |
| PSA | Prostate-specific antigen |
| TNM | Tumor–node–metastasis classification |