| AFP | Alpha-fetoprotein |
| AHRQ | Agency for healthcare research and quality |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| ALT | Alanine aminotransferase |
| AST | Aspartate aminotransferase |
| CBC | Complete blood count |
| CMs | Mitochondrial cytopathies |
| CVI | Content Validity Index |
| CVR | Content Validity Ratio |
| DCM | Dilated cardiomyopathy |
| DVA | Decreased visual acuity |
| EMG | Electroneuromyography |
| ERG | Electroretinogram |
| FeK | Fractional excretion of potassium |
| FeNA | Fractional excretion of sodium |
| FGF21 | Fibroblast growth factor 21 |
| GH | Growth hormone stimulation |
| GDF15 | Growth differentiation factor 15 |
| HCM | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
| HIMSS | Health Information and Management Systems Society |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| IGF-1 | Insulin-like growth factor 1 |
| IUFD | Intrauterine Fetal Demise |
| IUGR | Intrauterine growth restriction |
| LHON | Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy |
| LVEF | Left ventricular ejection fraction |
| LVNC | Left ventricular non-compaction |
| MDS | Minimum Data Set |
| MELAS | Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes |
| MITOCON | Italian Registry of Patients with Mitochondrial Diseases |
| NAMDC | North American Mitochondrial Disease Consortium |
| OCT | Optical coherence tomography |
| POA | Organic acids in plasma |
| RBC | Red blood cell concentrates |
| S-CVI/Ave | Average of CVI across items |
| S-CVI/UA | Universal Agreement |
| TSH | Thyroid-stimulating hormone |
| TTE | Transthoracic echocardiography |
| UOA | Organic acids in urine |
| VEP | Visual evoked potentials |
| WES | Whole-exome sequencing |
| WGS | Whole-genome sequencing |
| WPW | Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome |