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. 2025 Sep 1;47(9):710. doi: 10.3390/cimb47090710
AChE Acetylcholinesterase
ALOX5 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
ATP Adenosine Triphosphate
BBB Blood–Brain Barrier
BDNF Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
CAT Catalase
ChAT Choline Acetyltransferase
Cdk5 Cyclin-dependent kinase 5
CEF Ceftriaxone
CIS Cisplatin
CNS Central Nervous System
DAT Dopamine Transporter
DOI (±)1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane
DOPAC 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid
ERK Extracellular–Signal–Regulated kinase
GCL Glutamate–Cysteine Ligase
GLT-1 Glutamate transporter 1
GPx Glutathione Peroxidase
GS Glutamine Synthase
GRIN2A Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic N-methyl D-aspartate 2A
GRIN2B Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic N-methyl D-aspartate 2B
GR Glucocorticoid receptor
GSH Glutathione
GSSG Glutathione Disulfide
GST Glutathione-S-Transferase
HO-1 Heme Oxygenase-1
HPA Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal
ICH Intracerebral Hemorrhage
IEG Immediate Early Genes
iNOS Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
JAK/STAT Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription
JNK C-Jun N-terminal kinase
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
MAPK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase
MC Mineralocorticoid
MCAO Middle Cerebral artery occlusion
MDA Malondialdehyde
MMP Matrix Metalloproteinases
MST 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase
MPTP 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
NAC N-acetylcysteine
NAc Nucleus accumbens
NADPH Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate
NMDAR N-methyl D-aspartate receptor
NO Nitric Oxide
Nrf2-ARE Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2–Antioxidant Response Element
PD Parkinson’s Disease
PPAR Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor
RGS4 Regulator of G-protein Signaling 4
ROS Reactive Oxygen Species
SN Substantia Nigra
SOD Superoxide Dismutase
SQR Sulfide: quinone oxidoreductase
SUD Substance use disorder
TBARS Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
TH Tyrosine Hydroxylase
TNF Tumor Necrosis Factor
VMAT2 Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2
xCT Cystine–glutamate antiporter