Skip to main content
. 2025 Sep 5;32(9):496. doi: 10.3390/curroncol32090496
PC peritoneal carcinomatosis
EMT epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
MET mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition
pEMT partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
IL-6 interleukin-6
IL-8 interleukin-8
FGF2 fibroblast growth factor-2
MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (also known as CCL2)
IFNγ interferon gamma
IFNα interferon alpha
IL-2 interleukin-2
IL-10 interleukin-10
IL-1 interleukin-1
IL-1R interleukin-1 receptor
TNFR tumor necrosis factor receptor
TRAF2 tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2
NF-κB nuclear factor kappa B
NK natural killer cells
PI3K phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PLCβ phospholipase C beta
cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate
ROS reactive oxygen species
NET neutrophil extracellular trap
TME tumor microenvironment
AKT Ak strain transforming pathway
CRC colorectal cancer
ERRα estrogen-related receptor alpha
VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
MMP matrix metalloproteinase
MMP-9 matrix metalloproteinase-9
ECM extracellular matrix
GM-CSF granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
OSM oncostatin M
MDSC myeloid-derived stem cells
TAMs tissue-associated macrophages
ARG1 arginase-1
NLR neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio
OS overall survival
PFS progression free survival
CEA carcinoembryonic antigen
IL-17 interleukin-17
TGF-β transforming growth factor-beta
NE neutrophil elastase
HMGB1 high-mobility group box 1
ELISA enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
RT-qPCR reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction
CAFs cancer-associated fibroblasts
PD-L1 programmed death-ligand 1
PD-1 Programmed Cell Death Protein 1
microRNA micro-ribonucleic acid
HUVEC human umbilical vein endothelial cells
mAB monoclonal antibody
KRAS Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
MSS microsatellite stable
MTD maximum tolerated dose
CRPC castration-resistant prostate cancer
NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer
ICIs immune checkpoint inhibitors
MSS CRC microsatellite stable colorectal cancer
TNF-α Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
SMI Small-molecule inhibitor
mCRC mucinous colorectal cancer
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
PFN profilin-1
GzmB granzyme B
TSC1/2 Tuberous Sclerosis Complex ½
Rheb Ras homolog enriched in brain
mTORC mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1
TANs tumor-associated neutrophils
PGE2 prostaglandin E2
Bv8 prokineticin 2
IL-1β interleukin-1 beta
HIF-1α hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha
TLR4 toll-like receptor-4