| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| TCM | Traditional Chinese Medicine |
| EMT | Epithelial–mesenchymal transition |
| MMP | Matrix metalloproteinase |
| GSK3β | Glycogen synthase kinase 3β |
| CK1α | Casein kinase 1α |
| FZD | Frizzled |
| TGF-β1 | Transforming growth factor-beta 1 |
| DAC | 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine |
| CRCs | Colorectal cancer cells |
| MDA | Malondialdehyde |
| 5-FU | 5-fluorouracil |
| SLNs | Solid lipid nanoparticles |
| Cur-MPKEs | Curcumin-loaded nanoparticles |
| CUR-NMs | Curcumin-encapsulated nanomicelles |
| CU1-LSLNs | Curcumin encapsulated in long-circulating solid lipid nanoparticles |
| PNPs | Polymeric nanoparticles |
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