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. 2025 Sep 15;47(9):761. doi: 10.3390/cimb47090761
ABTS 2:2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
ADME-Tox absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicology
DPPH 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
FRAP ferric reducing antioxidant power
GC-MS gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
PCA principal component analysis
PDB Protein Data Bank
PE1 propolis extract 1
PE2 propolis extract 2
Phen 1,10-phenanthroline
RMSD root mean square deviation
TFC total flavonoid content
TPC total phenolic content
UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry