| 5-ALA | 5-aminolevulinic acid |
| IDH | isocitrate dehydrogenase |
| PFS | progression-free survival |
| OS | overall survival |
| GTR | gross total resection |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| PGB | porphobilinogen |
| CPOX | coproporphyrinogen oxidase |
| PPOX | protoporphyrinogen oxidase |
| PpIX | protoporphyrin IX |
| FECH | ferrochelatase |
| 2-HG | 2-hydroxyglutarate |
| FDA the U.S. | Food and Drug Administration |
| PRISMA | Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis |
| GBM | Glioblastoma |
| LGGs | low-grade gliomas |
| MGMT | O6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase |
| CE | contrast enhancement |
| LOOCV | leave-one-out cross-validation |
| EOR | extent of resection |
| HO-1 | heme oxygenase-1 |
| TCA | tricarboxylic acid cycle |