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. 2025 Sep 16;26(18):9026. doi: 10.3390/ijms26189026
RA Rheumatoid arthritis
PTMs Post-translational modifications
PAD Peptidylarginine deiminase enzyme
AMPAs Anti-modified protein/peptide antibodies
AF2 AlphaFold 2
MHC Major histocompatibility complex
NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance
TFE Trifluoroethanol
pLDDT Predicted local distance difference test
PEG Poly(ethylene glycol)
SPPS Solid-phase peptide synthesis
HPLC High-performance liquid chromatography
ESI-MS Electrospray mass spectrometry
Cit Citrulline
hCit Homocitrulline
KAc Acetyl-lysine
OD Optical density
CD Circular dichroism
NOESY Nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy
TOCSY Total correlation spectroscopy
HSQC Heteronuclear single-quantum coherence
MD Molecular dynamics
Rg Radius of gyration
Fmoc 9-Fluorenyl-methoxycarbonyl
Trt Triphenylmethyl
tBu Tert-butyl
Pmc 2,2,5,7,8-Pentamethyl-chroman-6-sulfonyl
HATU 2-(1H-7-azabenzotriazole-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate methanaminium
DIPEA N,N-Diisopropylethylamine
DMF N,N-Dimethylformamide
PyBOP Benzotriazole-1-yloxytris(pirrolidino) phosphonium hexafluorophosphate
HOBt 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole
TFA Trifuoroacetic acid
TIS Triisopropylsilane
ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
PBS Phosphate-buffered saline
BSA Bovine serum albumin
TRIS Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
SDS Sodium dodecyl sulfate
SPC Simple point charge