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. 2025 Sep 16;26(18):9025. doi: 10.3390/ijms26189025
HBM Human biomonitoring
PFAS Per-/polyfluoroalkyl substance
FIP Fipronil
IMI Imidacloprid
EU European Union
FIP-sulfone Fipronil-sulfone
FIP-hydroxy Fipronil-hydroxy
FIP-dtfms Fipronil-detrifluoromethylsulfinyl
FIP-amide Fipronil-amide
FIP-desulfinyl Fipronil-desulfinyl
FIP-sulfide Fipronil-sulfide
FIPs Fiproles
IMI-OH Imidacloprid-5-hydroxy
4OH3PBA 4′-hydroxy-3-phenoxybenzoic acid
CPhCA 3-(2-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)vinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid
4F3PBA 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid
IMZ-OH Imazalil-despropenyl
BOS-OH Boscalid-5-hydroxy
TEB-OH Tebuconazole-tert-butylhydroxy
DEET N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide
BPS Bisphenol S
OPFRs Organophosphate flame retardants
DPhP Diphenyl phosphate
PFOA Perfluorooctanoic acid
LC-MS/MS Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
SPE Solid phase extraction
cis-PER cis-Permethrin
SG Specific gravity
IS Internal standard
CV Coefficient of variation
LLOQ Lower limit of quantification
R2 Coefficient of determination
LOQ Limit of quantification
LOD Limit of detection
ULOQ Upper limit of quantification
EMA European Medicines Agency
QC Quality control
LQC Quality control sample at low concentration
HQC Quality control sample at high concentration
GM Geometric mean