| DR | Diabetic retinopathy |
| NPDR | Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy |
| PDR | Proliferative diabetic retinopathy |
| T1D | Type 1 diabetes |
| T2D | Type 2 diabetes |
| VTDR | Vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy |
| DME | Diabetic macular edema |
| ETDRS | Early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) |
| ICDR | International clinical diabetic retinopathy |
| OCT | Optical coherence tomography |
| OCT-A | OCT-angiography |
| NHANES | National Health and Nutrition Exam Surveys |
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