| rhBMP-2 | Recombinant human BMP-2 |
| ECM | Extracellular Matrix |
| ACS | Absorbable Collagen Sponge |
| TLIF | Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion |
| BESTT | BMP-2 Evaluation in Surgery for Tibial Trauma |
| METRC | Major Extremity Trauma Research Center |
| ODI | Oswestry Disability Index |
| GTR | Guided Tissue Regeneration |
| GBR | Guided Bone Regeneration |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| HO | Heterotopic Ossification |
| ICBG | Iliac Crest Bone Graft |
| PLF | Posterolateral Fusion |
| PLIF | Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion |
| ALIF | Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion |
| CT | Computed Tomography |
| MIS | Minimally Invasive Surgery |