| PGDM | Pre-gestational diabetes mellitus |
| HbA1c | Glycosylated hemoglobin |
| LGA | Large for gestational age |
| BMI | Body mass index |
| DKA | Diabetic ketoacidosis |
| NICU | Neonatal intensive care unit |
| RDS | Respiratory distress syndrome |
| OR | Odds ratio |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| PGDM | Pre-gestational diabetes mellitus |
| HbA1c | Glycosylated hemoglobin |
| LGA | Large for gestational age |
| BMI | Body mass index |
| DKA | Diabetic ketoacidosis |
| NICU | Neonatal intensive care unit |
| RDS | Respiratory distress syndrome |
| OR | Odds ratio |
| CI | Confidence interval |